Microbiological routes for the production

Microbiological Paths For The Production Of Pharmaceutical Products.IntroductionMicrobiological Aspects Of PenicillinRecent distributions and essential writing recommend that penicillin is a top notch healing specialist which builds its interest for clinical application and synthetic surveies. Microbiological creation, substance decontamination and confinement are significant employments related with its utilization. Penicillin is delivered by Penicillium notatum in extremely little measures and its human advancements were explored for enormous scope creation of penicillin. Societies of P.notatum will in general immediately lose their penicillin-creating capacity because of physiological or biochemical devolution. Penicillin action straight relies on the idea of strain. It is basic to pick strains of most noteworthy expert for maximal penicillin movement. All the strains are not the same as one another in their penicillin-framing capacity. 1. Penicillin creation in Penicillium Chrysogenum. Biosynthesis of lysine and Penicillin in Penicillium chrysogenum is managed by ramifying point middle of the road ?- aminoadipate. In penicillin tract, it is consolidated with L-valine and L-cysteine to sort out tripeptide by ACV synthetase. The inside ?- aminoadipate pool plays a basic capacity in lysine and penicillin biogenesis. The break of lys2 cistron coordinates the pool towards penicillin biogenesis resulting in penicillin over-creation. The focused on break was done by using two unique strategies and their result on penicillin creation was contemplated. P.chrysogenum Wis 54-1255 ( low-level penicillin-creating strain ) and P.chrysogenum pyrG1 freak strains were utilized in transmutation tests. P. Chrysogenum L2, a lysine auxotroph was utilized as a control. Spores of P.chrysogenum were gathered from command posts of intensity medium in the wake of holding developed for 5 yearss at 28 °C. Two plasmids pDL1 and pDL7 which contrasted in selectable marker and size of DNA part homologous to point were chosen for break of lys2 by an individual traverse. pDL1 incorporates ble ( phleomycin resistance ) cistron while pDL7 contains pyrG cistron as a selectable marker. Out of 495 transformants tried, 2 lysine auxotrophs ringers ( TD7-88 and TD7-115 ) were gotten. Both couldn't turn in Czapek medium enhanced with ?- aminoadipic corrosive while P.chrysogenum L2 ( order strain ) developed. These outcomes demonstrated that lys2 cistron is upset in TD7-88 and TD7-115 strains. Two plasmids pDL2 and pDL10 were developed for break of lys2 cistron by double recombination. Out of 964 transformants tried, simply one lysine auxotroph ( TD10-195 ) was acquired which couldn't turn in ?- aminoadipic corrosive enhanced Czapek medium. Transformants TD10-195 and TD7-115 were progressively steady with no inversion rate when contrasted with TD7-88 with truly low level of stableness. Despite the fact that the developing of transformants were more slow than parental strain in charac terized medium consolidating 4.0 Mm lysine, the penicillin degrees were twofold from those seen in parental endure 96, 120, and 144 H and triple higher at 168 H. 2. Penicillin Production by Fungi turning on supplement stocks. Numerous fungous species generally utilized as business turning over engines, for example, P.nalgiovense, P.chrysogenum, P. Verrucosum, P.griseofulvum and P.roqueforti were utilized to dissect the creation of penicillin while turning on supplement stocks and nearness of penicillin biosynthetic cistrons in Fungi of class Penicillium. The union of poisonous mixes may other than be emitted to supplement stocks. All the strains were screened using bio-assaies in both strong and fluid medium with Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341 as a preliminary strain to watch penicillin creation. Antibacterial action was found in P.chrysogenum, P.griseofulvum NRRl 2300 and P.nalgiovense. ?- lactamase signifier Bacillus Cereus UL1 was utilized to demonstrate whether the antibacterial action was because of penicillin or other substance. Result show that antibacterial action can be credited to ?- lactam anti-microbial penicillin. Disturbance of fluid lowered civic establishments of P.griseofulvam was done to v erify penicillin creation which demonstrated that P.griseofulvam strain NRRL 2300 had most noteworthy creation degree. Southern smirch investigation was utilized to break down the nearness of penicillin biosynthetic cistrons. The nearness of penicillin cistron pack in P.griseofulvum demonstrated that the antibacterial movement watched is because of penicillin. P.griseofulvum which is a potential start of penicillin in supplement stocks can be regularly segregated from maize, grain, wheat, flour and so on. In example of P. Verrucosum, the antibacterial movement watched was expected to either patulin or penicilic corrosive as it contains only one cistron of penicillin cistron bundle. Both patulin or penicilic corrosive are auxiliary metabolites created by various strains of Fungi. So as to acquire sheltered and top notch supplement stocks, anti-toxin and poison creation by supplement small scale creatures ought to be broke down and concentrated in thing. It other than assists with del ivering changed strains in which the combination of poisonous mixes can be wiped out without losing their food-maturing and flavorer belongingss. 3. Creation of penicillin in methylotropic barm Hansenula polymorpha. - lactam anti-infection agents, for example, penicillin and Mefoxins are biggest selling anti-infection agents against bacterial contaminations. Mechanically, penicillin and Mefoxins are created by filiform Fungis Penicillium.chrysogenum and Acremonium chrysogenum severally. The main reason for existing was to introduce penicillin biogenesis tract into yeast Hansenula polymorpha as it is increasingly different, simple to oversee and develop with better tumult belongingss as looked at than filiform Fungis. In penicillin tract, peptide synthetase ?- L-cysteinyl-D-valine synthetase signifiers tripeptide ACV. It is changed over into isopenicillin N ( IPN ) by protein isopenicillin N synthase ( IPNS ) . The pcbC cistron which encodes IPNS was cloned in H.polymorpha intoxicant oxidase sponsor in pHIPX4 and incorporated at PAOX scene in H.polymorpha genome. A strain ( IPNS 4.2 ) fusing pcbC look tape was developed at 37 °C on methyl liquor medium to welcome on PAOX. Wild sort H.polymorpha fills in as control strain. Aliquots were taken at standard clasp spans to break down IPNS protein. Western smircesh arranged using harsh implantations of H.polymorpha and P.chrysogenum uncovered that strain IPNS 4.2 produces a ?- IPNS explicit protein. IPNS was created at all developing temperatures in strain IPNS 4.2. In fixed developing stage, nearly low IPNS protein degrees were seen in cells developed at 37 °C. It was expected that hapless or moderate collapsing of protein at high temperature can be a characteristic factor. In any case, IPNS protein was to the full steady and its degree was essentially upgraded at 25 °C whenever contrasted with its creation at 37 °C and 30 °C.The total is tantamount to most noteworthy penicillin bring forthing strains of P.Chrysogenum. Results demonstrate that penicillin creation in heterologus barm was simply effective at diminished developing temperatures. As yeast genome does non encode non †ribosomal peptide synthetases, for e xample, ACVs, the accompanying measure will be to infix practically dynamic ACVS in heterologus have so as to introduce full penicillin biogenesis tract in H.polymorpha. 4. Penicillin creation in surface civic establishments of P.notatum. Two-liter Erlrnmeyer carafes joining czapek-Dox medium were immunized with P.notatum and hatched at 25 °C. It was tried for antibacterial action against Staphylococcus aureus in wholesome stock by common weakening techniques. The pH of the medium tumbled from 6.5 to 3.0-4.0 and stayed low all through. Killed tests demonstrated high antibacterial action and bunches runing from 10 to 100 liters were extricated with amyl ethanoate at pH 2. It was accepted that penicillin in these civic establishments existed in non-extractable signifier. The pellicles were slender, without wrinkles or spores, and fluid with swoon xanthous touch. The antibacterial action was extractible at pH 2 with natural dissolvers when the medium was enhanced with yeast imbuement, mind heart separate. In earthy colored sugar medium ( dull earthy colored sugar, 2 percent ; NaNO3, 0.35 ; MgSO4.7 H20, 0.05 ; KCI, 0.05, KH2PO4, 0.15 ; FeSO4.7H20, 0.015 ) developing is progressively fast and plenteous joined by extreme xanthous pigmentation ( chrysogenin ) when contrasted with czapek-Dox medium. The acridity falls in early stages from pH 5.5 to 4.5 thus ascends to 8.0. Penicillin began roll uping on fifth twenty-four hours with furthest breaking point on the eleventh to the thirteenth twenty-four hours. Greatest penicillin movement showed up after maximal becoming was accomplished. All the sugar was devoured before maximal penicillin was collected. 5. Penicillin creation in submersed civic establishments of P.notatum. Trials with submersed developments were directed on machines disturbing at pace of 60 to 90rpm, with maximal becoming seen over a time of 6 to 10 yearss at 25 °C. Earthy colored sugar medium was conveyed in 80-ml quantifies in 250-ml Erlenmeyer flagons and vaccinated with a spore suspension of P.notatum, strain 832. The carafes were brooded at 25 °C on a shaking machine. Development started on the second twenty-four hours with maximal developing showed up as meager unit of ammo pellets of mycelium. Penicillin began roll uping on third or fourth twenty-four hours and arrived at its maximal worth ( 20 to 30 oxford units for each milliliter ) on seventh or eighth twenty-four hours. Natural portion in earthy colored sugar is answerable for penicillin-advancing limit. Zinc other than had a catalyzing result. The shingle or submersed human progress strategy gives better air circulation when contrasted with come up development. By turning P.notatum strains in shake human advancement, va riable elements of dissemination and pellicle arrangement are disposed of, while developing and metabolic methods are quickened

Path To Power Essay Example For Students

Way To Power Essay Filling three significant level voids caused Adolph Hitler to ascend to control as the totalitariandictator of Germany. With his nation in the mature left from World War One, groupsat all degrees of governmental issues were searching for a guardian angel. Hitler unearthed a mindfulness ofhis own magnetism, saw the chances to usurp force, and sought after his consent. Thekey factors permitting his prosperity were his ascent through the German Workers Party,becoming Chancellor of Germany, and organizing the mix of the workplaces ofpresident and chancellor. The main factor was Hitlers requested participation in the German Workers party. InSeptember, 1919, officials of the Munich Command speculated traitorousness among politicalgroups when it went to the military, and they required a government operative. They picked Hitler becauseof his transcending contempt for Jews and ?Traitors.? His strategic to join the GermanWorkers Party and help it develop. Not long after joining the Party he discovered that theirgoal was to talk about methods of making a superior Germany. A significant number of the individuals blamedthe Jews and Marxists for the issues of Germany, yet they had no arrangement or program toset things right. Working with this association made Hitler find somethingabout himself. He never expected that he had a talented capacity to control and influencepeople for his benefit through discourse. The more he talked, the more energetic theybecame, and the more control he had over them. Hitlers feelings touched off the group. Individual s lost control of themselves, trembling, wailing, sobbing, and crying. Men aswell as ladies swooned and fell over in the paths. They were entranced. Hitler quit themilitary and chose to use the German Workers Party as his weapon to become thedictator of Germany. The following venturing stone emerged when President Paul von Hindenburg chose thatthe Nazis could never again be kept out of the legislature and solicited ex-Corporal Hitler tobecome Chancellor from Germany. He acknowledged and consequently started the second stage to totalpower. In spite of the fact that Hitler was Chancellor he still couldnt mount his insurgency fromwithin. He required extra Nazi seats in the Reichstag, like our Congress, togain all out force. So as to pick up these seats he likewise required a political race alongside areason for the voters to help the possibility of a fascism. He made an emergency toaccommodate his motivation. One night not long before the races, the metal arch of theReichstag burst into blazes. The fire was so enormous all the fire fighters could do waswatch it consume to cinders and seared block. Hitler stuck the fault to Communistleaders and increased more than 17 million votes that made sure about 288 Reichstag seats. Hitlers planwas a trium ph and he was prepared to progress to being the authoritarian head of Germany. The third and last period of Hitlers success was set to start. The Reichstag,consisting of just Nazi supporters Hitlers SS men permitted in, met on March 23 to voteon the Enabling Act which gave Hitler all out control over their privileges to suspend theconstitution, change any law, and make any law. With the socialist heads bannedfrom the Reichstag, the Enabling Act passed 441 to 91. Hitler moved rapidly to strikeanyone else who was a danger to him by slaughtering them or placing them into concentrationcamps. On August 2, 1934, President Hindenburg passed on, and the military, satisfied withHitlers achievements, permitted Hitler to join the workplaces of Chancellor andPresident, which included being president of the military. Since allother ideological groups had been authoritatively canceled, the Nazi banner became Germanysofficial banner, and each serviceman, from General to Private, needed to make a solemn vow ofobedience?not to Germany, however to Hitler himself. With this promi se, The Fuhrers ThirdReich was solidly settled. .u42e37668ed2a0f5c4855f99adfc96c28 , .u42e37668ed2a0f5c4855f99adfc96c28 .postImageUrl , .u42e37668ed2a0f5c4855f99adfc96c28 .focused content territory { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u42e37668ed2a0f5c4855f99adfc96c28 , .u42e37668ed2a0f5c4855f99adfc96c28:hover , .u42e37668ed2a0f5c4855f99adfc96c28:visited , .u42e37668ed2a0f5c4855f99adfc96c28:active { border:0!important; } .u42e37668ed2a0f5c4855f99adfc96c28 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u42e37668ed2a0f5c4855f99adfc96c28 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u42e37668ed2a0f5c4855f99adfc96c28:active , .u42e37668ed2a0f5c4855f99adfc96c28:hover { obscurity: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u42e37668ed2a0f5c4855f99adfc96c28 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: rel ative; } .u42e37668ed2a0f5c4855f99adfc96c28 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content adornment: underline; } .u42e37668ed2a0f5c4855f99adfc96c28 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u42e37668ed2a0f5c4855f99adfc96c28 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content beautification: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u42e37668ed2a0f5c4855f99adfc96c28:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u 42e37668ed2a0f5c4855f99adfc96c28 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u42e37668ed2a0f5c4855f99adfc96c28-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u42e37668ed2a0f5c4855f99adfc96c28:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Family esteems EssayWith these three key techniques, Hitler turned into the authoritarian despot of Germanyand the frightfulness of the Holocaust started vigorously. Nobody dare question his unfairness. The prescience of General Kurt von Schleicher was destined to be satisfied. As he predicted,?This corporal will decimate Germany and it will have a ghastly end.?

Startup Hubs Around the World Tel Aviv

Startup Hubs Around the World Tel Aviv 1.  LOCATION‘Location, Location, Location’ is often touted as an important real estate claim.   The same ‘location, location, location’ chant should be heard throughout the world as entrepreneurs search for the perfect location to start their company.   When considering the location for your start-up, you have to take into account the environment that the business will be open in.   Are you looking for solid neighbors that you can collaborate with or do you want quick access to venture capitalists? What is the primary goal and the direction the start-up should take?The diversity of the start-ups based in Tel Aviv allows for easy collaboration across industries.   Internet, mobile communication, security companies can all benefit from working together to create new and compelling technology.   Fashion websites that allow users to ask their social network for advice about outfits to wear are worlds away from robots that are designed for warfare, and yet they both co-exist in th e start-up hub of Tel Aviv.   In their own way, they are both products of the environment they were created in. The robotic developments are primarily created by ex-military officers who realized that using robotic controls would help save human lives in the case of an emergency.   Men (and women) who face the fear of attack every day would be searching for a possible solution and alternative, and it is easy to see where the idea for such an invention came from.   A fashion social network that is developed by people who may not be able to venture outside at random times due to imminent or potential attacks becomes not only a way of escape, but a way to maintain relationships with people who live away from you.   It combines a love of fashion with the possibilities of technology, creating a useful, powerful network.The buzzing feel of the city is from a combination of the creative atmosphere and a growing entrepreneurial market that makes the city feel alive.   The city of Tel Aviv i s home to thousands of people and a startlingly high proportion of start-ups.   Living in a nation that is surrounded by hostile nations can be frightening, so one has to wonder how (and why) so many companies have decided to set up shop in Tel Aviv.   One entrepreneur explained that after living with the very real threat of an enemy attack, deciding to venture into a start-up no longer seemed frightening.   Apparently, this idea is correct, because the tiny Middle Eastern nation of Israel is home to more NASDAQ IPO’s than any other country outside of the United States and Canada.As a major hub, access to and from Tel Aviv is relatively easy.   The commercial airport lets business leaders have access to the city easily.   Venturing into Tel Aviv can require summoning extra measures of courage, but can be worth the effort when confronted with a wide variety of start-ups just waiting for funding.    The venture capitalist who invests in Tel Aviv knows that there is inherent risk to their investment, but the reward and payoff are more than worth the risk.With the special security concerns that Tel Aviv has, there is much consternation among investors about the best and most economical way to ship products.   With Tel Aviv’s heavy specialization into high-tech fields, however, there are no products to ship, no raw materials to gather and no products to try to ship out locally. This has allowed Tel Aviv to generate some of the world’s most impressive tech companies, while developers have built platforms that are used by consumers globally.An interesting fact about Tel Aviv is the almost invisible presence it has to most people.   While many people have heard of the city, it is rarely mentioned in a list of top innovative cities by people who are outside the technical industries.   When given a list of companies or products that got their start in the Middle Eastern city, people are shocked.   This almost under the radar persona has allowed Tel Aviv to quietl y assemble the pieces it needed to make an entrance onto the world stage, catching everyone off guard.2. TAX INCENTIVESThe city works hard to create a climate that is attractive to companies looking for a home base. With partnerships that include some of the largest names in the tech world, the incentives to operate out of Tel Aviv in many ways go beyond the tax and legal benefits available to the company.  As with any location, investigation of the tax laws of the country will help to establish if the location is right for your company.   There are specific tax incentives that encourage Israeli companies to start (and stay) in Israel, and multi-national firms are given additional consideration for tax purposes.   Understanding the laws of another country may not be as easy as it looks at first glance, so make sure that you consult with a tax professional who is familiar with the taxation laws of Tel Aviv.Companies that are developing in the fields of biotechnology or nanotechnolog y, and who meet the exacting specifications of the government are eligible for additional tax credits.   Trying to navigate the murky requirements is not easy and requires assistance by someone who knows both the market and the law.How Tel Aviv Empowers Startups 3. LEGAL INCENTIVESDeveloping an infrastructure that is friendly to start-ups required diligence and careful planning. The continual planning and success of the start-up hub is dependent on the highly experienced business and financial services which work in conjunction with the tech industry.Intellectual property is valued in Tel Aviv â€" and is given protection under Israeli law. This legal backing is important in a country that focuses their attention on developing tech products.   Without having to worry about products or items, the city knows it must protect one of its most valuable resources: innovation. By protecting the very skilled and detailed intellectual property that has come out of Tel Aviv, they have establish ed themselves as a city that will continue to grow in the tech market. It is extremely attractive to a developer to know that their work is protected, and they will seek out those type of locations for continued work.4. AVAILABILITY OF INVESTORSIn an effort to increase the city’s exposure to potential markets, new talent and capital, the city regularly promotes networking and conferences around international tech fields. New web interfaces allow local users to interact with city life and take advantage of the continually growing tech market. This entrepreneurial climate is rich with potential investors who are attracted to the start-ups that originate here. Surrounded by the world’s third highest amount of venture capital, the city is constantly producing start-ups that bring elevated returns on investments. In addition, over 60% of the seed start-ups in Israel are located within Tel Aviv â€" making this one of the most heavily invested hubs in the world.The challenge, then, for entrepreneurs, is to ensure that their idea gets noticed in a sea of technology.   By networking, using collaborative efforts and getting their product in front of the right investors, tech start-ups can jockey for position among the competition.5. AVAILABILITY OF LOCAL RESOURCES AND WORKFORCEThe combination of: talent that is second to none, incubators for start-ups, research and development centers and co-working spaces makes Tel Aviv highly attractive for tech start-ups. With academic programs specifically designed for tech related fields in business, Tel Aviv consistently ranks in the top five nations of the world for availability of qualified engineers and scientists.  Two years of required service in the military has helped Israeli entrepreneurs to overcome challenges, even in the fact of actual warfare.   Those years of training have established Israeli entrepreneurs as risk takers who aren’t afraid to fight for what they want.With a strong university presence, the gradua tes of colleges around Tel Aviv are highly educated and prepared to enter the workforce. Per capita, Israel is the number one country for engineers, which could explain why they are experiencing an explosion in innovation and design.   The ability of Tel Aviv to retain those skilled workers is another component to their success. When their students graduate, they look for jobs within the Tel Aviv landscape, so there is a constant infusion of newly trained workers fresh from university. This also works to keep the industry on the edge of development and methods. With a population that is rich in young developers, it creates an environment where change is celebrated and fresh thinking is prized.The workforce in Tel Aviv is constantly re-generating itself.   By drawing talent from around the world, as well as populating their city with graduates, there is always a steady stream of available workers.   Being able to draw from the many industries in the city allows start-ups to always be drawing from the top of the talent pool.6. SPECIALIZATION The world has had one eye on the Middle East for a variety of reasons over the last several decades.   The tiny nation of Israel has been war-torn, often featured in news stories because of violence, injury or other aggressive behavior. Not surprisingly, Tel Aviv is rarely considered as a start-up hub.   In reality, Tel Aviv is one of the leading locations in the world for start-ups.   Trying to discover the secret that this tiny nation possesses, and has taken it to the top of the start-up charts can help drive your own search for a start-up location.   How does a company survive in a war zone? What specific elements does a company need to make money in spite of what is happening politically? When does the risk of starting a company outweigh a risk of personal safety? Can a company thrive under adverse conditions? © Shutterstock.com | Boris StroujkoIn this article, we look at  six essential elements  of any potential start-up location that must be considered: 1)  location, 2)  tax incentives, 3)  legal incentives, 4)  availability of investors, 5)  local resources and workforce, and 6)  specialization.1.  LOCATION‘Location, Location, Location’ is often touted as an important real estate claim.   The same ‘location, location, location’ chant should be heard throughout the world as entrepreneurs search for the perfect location to start their company.   When considering the location for your start-up, you have to take into account the environment that the business will be open in.   Are you looking for solid neighbors that you can collaborate with or do you want quick access to venture capitalists? What is the primary goal and the direction the start-up should take?The diversity of the start-ups based in Tel Aviv allows for easy collaboration across industries.   Internet, mobile communi cation, security companies can all benefit from working together to create new and compelling technology.   Fashion websites that allow users to ask their social network for advice about outfits to wear are worlds away from robots that are designed for warfare, and yet they both co-exist in the start-up hub of Tel Aviv.   In their own way, they are both products of the environment they were created in. The robotic developments are primarily created by ex-military officers who realized that using robotic controls would help save human lives in the case of an emergency.   Men (and women) who face the fear of attack every day would be searching for a possible solution and alternative, and it is easy to see where the idea for such an invention came from.   A fashion social network that is developed by people who may not be able to venture outside at random times due to imminent or potential attacks becomes not only a way of escape, but a way to maintain relationships with people who liv e away from you.   It combines a love of fashion with the possibilities of technology, creating a useful, powerful network.The buzzing feel of the city is from a combination of the creative atmosphere and a growing entrepreneurial market that makes the city feel alive.   The city of Tel Aviv is home to thousands of people and a startlingly high proportion of start-ups.   Living in a nation that is surrounded by hostile nations can be frightening, so one has to wonder how (and why) so many companies have decided to set up shop in Tel Aviv.   One entrepreneur explained that after living with the very real threat of an enemy attack, deciding to venture into a start-up no longer seemed frightening.   Apparently, this idea is correct, because the tiny Middle Eastern nation of Israel is home to more NASDAQ IPO’s than any other country outside of the United States and Canada.As a major hub, access to and from Tel Aviv is relatively easy.   The commercial airport lets business leaders hav e access to the city easily.   Venturing into Tel Aviv can require summoning extra measures of courage, but can be worth the effort when confronted with a wide variety of start-ups just waiting for funding.    The venture capitalist who invests in Tel Aviv knows that there is inherent risk to their investment, but the reward and payoff are more than worth the risk.With the special security concerns that Tel Aviv has, there is much consternation among investors about the best and most economical way to ship products.   With Tel Aviv’s heavy specialization into high-tech fields, however, there are no products to ship, no raw materials to gather and no products to try to ship out locally. This has allowed Tel Aviv to generate some of the world’s most impressive tech companies, while developers have built platforms that are used by consumers globally.An interesting fact about Tel Aviv is the almost invisible presence it has to most people.   While many people have heard of the city , it is rarely mentioned in a list of top innovative cities by people who are outside the technical industries.   When given a list of companies or products that got their start in the Middle Eastern city, people are shocked.   This almost under the radar persona has allowed Tel Aviv to quietly assemble the pieces it needed to make an entrance onto the world stage, catching everyone off guard.2. TAX INCENTIVESThe city works hard to create a climate that is attractive to companies looking for a home base. With partnerships that include some of the largest names in the tech world, the incentives to operate out of Tel Aviv in many ways go beyond the tax and legal benefits available to the company.  As with any location, investigation of the tax laws of the country will help to establish if the location is right for your company.   There are specific tax incentives that encourage Israeli companies to start (and stay) in Israel, and multi-national firms are given additional consideratio n for tax purposes.   Understanding the laws of another country may not be as easy as it looks at first glance, so make sure that you consult with a tax professional who is familiar with the taxation laws of Tel Aviv.Companies that are developing in the fields of biotechnology or nanotechnology, and who meet the exacting specifications of the government are eligible for additional tax credits.   Trying to navigate the murky requirements is not easy and requires assistance by someone who knows both the market and the law.How Tel Aviv Empowers Startups 3. LEGAL INCENTIVESDeveloping an infrastructure that is friendly to start-ups required diligence and careful planning. The continual planning and success of the start-up hub is dependent on the highly experienced business and financial services which work in conjunction with the tech industry.Intellectual property is valued in Tel Aviv â€" and is given protection under Israeli law. This legal backing is important in a country that focus es their attention on developing tech products.   Without having to worry about products or items, the city knows it must protect one of its most valuable resources: innovation. By protecting the very skilled and detailed intellectual property that has come out of Tel Aviv, they have established themselves as a city that will continue to grow in the tech market. It is extremely attractive to a developer to know that their work is protected, and they will seek out those type of locations for continued work.4. AVAILABILITY OF INVESTORSIn an effort to increase the city’s exposure to potential markets, new talent and capital, the city regularly promotes networking and conferences around international tech fields. New web interfaces allow local users to interact with city life and take advantage of the continually growing tech market. This entrepreneurial climate is rich with potential investors who are attracted to the start-ups that originate here. Surrounded by the world’s third h ighest amount of venture capital, the city is constantly producing start-ups that bring elevated returns on investments. In addition, over 60% of the seed start-ups in Israel are located within Tel Aviv â€" making this one of the most heavily invested hubs in the world.The challenge, then, for entrepreneurs, is to ensure that their idea gets noticed in a sea of technology.   By networking, using collaborative efforts and getting their product in front of the right investors, tech start-ups can jockey for position among the competition.5. AVAILABILITY OF LOCAL RESOURCES AND WORKFORCEThe combination of: talent that is second to none, incubators for start-ups, research and development centers and co-working spaces makes Tel Aviv highly attractive for tech start-ups. With academic programs specifically designed for tech related fields in business, Tel Aviv consistently ranks in the top five nations of the world for availability of qualified engineers and scientists.  Two years of requi red service in the military has helped Israeli entrepreneurs to overcome challenges, even in the fact of actual warfare.   Those years of training have established Israeli entrepreneurs as risk takers who aren’t afraid to fight for what they want.With a strong university presence, the graduates of colleges around Tel Aviv are highly educated and prepared to enter the workforce. Per capita, Israel is the number one country for engineers, which could explain why they are experiencing an explosion in innovation and design.   The ability of Tel Aviv to retain those skilled workers is another component to their success. When their students graduate, they look for jobs within the Tel Aviv landscape, so there is a constant infusion of newly trained workers fresh from university. This also works to keep the industry on the edge of development and methods. With a population that is rich in young developers, it creates an environment where change is celebrated and fresh thinking is prized.T he workforce in Tel Aviv is constantly re-generating itself.   By drawing talent from around the world, as well as populating their city with graduates, there is always a steady stream of available workers.   Being able to draw from the many industries in the city allows start-ups to always be drawing from the top of the talent pool.6. SPECIALIZATIONTel Aviv is rich with high-tech industries: from fledgling startups to global tech superpowers. The combination of highly skilled workers, top-notch universities and programs that are designed for foreign students has given Tel Aviv an edge over other start-up hubs. Business, design and technology are key focus areas for the start-ups in Tel Aviv; generating a culture of creativity and innovation.One of the most unlikely hotbeds of advanced technology, Tel Aviv has quietly built itself into a powerhouse in the start-up hub market.   Without much fanfare or attention, the entrepreneurs in Israel began to focus their attention on generatin g a climate that thrives on innovation and cutting edge design. Against all odds, the tech market in the Middle East is not only still growing, but has expanded into new fields like cybersecurity and clean energy.   By joining forces with international companies like Google or IBM, the start-up market has given itself an edge over the competition and is drawing skilled workers to the city.   The backing of the large companies gives validity to the work that is being done in Tel Aviv and allows for the continued growth of Tel Aviv as a start-up hub.   The future of Tel Aviv is rich with potential.Startup Tel Aviv A few key start-up companies that began in Tel Aviv:Wix:   A drag-and-drop web building platform that allows even the most novice user to develop professional looking websites.   Growing at a rate of almost 2 million new users annually, Wix allows users to choose from templates or design their own site from scratch.Fiverr: An online marketplace, Fiverr allows the user to see k out freelance work on gigs such as developing a company logo, copywriting or even translations for one low price.   The consumer can then hire the freelancer and receive the finished product â€" all for $5.MyHeritage: A genealogy site that uses algorithms to find connections between people, the billion registered users can perform searched for long lost relatives.   Find stories in the newspaper from the turn of the century, locate photos from the early 1800’s and discover whether you really were adopted â€" all for a low monthly fee.OutBrain: Comprehensive advertising that is more in line with pay-per-click advertising, OutBrain uses algorithms to determine the right ads to display.   When a consumer clicks on one, OutBrain get paid from the advertiser.

Religious Philosophies and the Meaning of Life - 1701 Words

All throughout history philosophers, politicians, and religious leaders have pondered the meaning of life. 20th century philosopher Albert Camus found that it Western society was far too focused on substance rather than understanding that it is the search for actualization or the process as opposed to the destination that provides the true meaning of life (Camus, 1942). Still others, Friedrich Nietzsche, for instance, found that it was suffering in its literal sense, or the process of undergoing, that defined the meaning of life. This was the ultimate search for freedom and actualization intellectual and emotional satisfaction (Nietzsche, 2004). Taking this view further, it seems as if the 21st century as brought the challenge of overcoming ones base instincts and striving for more, to be any kind of a person, ones life must have a unity to it, the continuity and coherence which comes from constructing ones life as a work of art (Young, 2003, 117). Karl Marx called religion the opiat e of the masses, in that it both numbs and comforts people, but really leaves them in a perpetual state of confusion and falsehoods. Yet it is primarily religion that humans turn to when facing questions about the meaning of life. It is interesting, too, that this idea of the meaning of life has ingrained in so very many parts of culture popular, spiritual, and philosophical. There was a full-screen movie called Monty Pythons Meaning of Life that examined the question from a humorousShow MoreRelatedThe Philosophy Of Religion : Thomas Aquinas And Fredrich Nietzsche1364 Words   |  6 Pageslives. However, the Philosophy of Religion caters to everyone, not just believers. Today we will look at Thomas Aquinas and Fredrich Nietzsche and their takes on religion. To fully understand their viewpoints its important to first understand what the philosophy of religion entails. The philosophy of religion is the philosophical study of the meaning and nature of religion. Which also includes the analyses of religious concepts, beliefs, terms, arguments, and practices of religious believers. HoweverRead MoreEssay on Ludwig Wittgenstein1509 Words   |  7 Pagescommonly recognised stages of thought in 20th century analytic philosophy, both of which are taken to be central and fundamental in their respective periods. His early philosophy in the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, first published in 1921, provided new insights into relationships between the world, thought, language and the nature of philosophy by showing the application of modern logic to metaphysics via language. His later philosophy, mostly found in Philosophical Investigations, published posthumouslyRead MoreRelationship Between Science And Religion1159 Words   |  5 PagesThe relation ship between the philosophies of science and religion has long been a contentious topic in both popular and scholastic discourse. While some individuals engaging in this debate suggest that the relationship between the two disciplines is one of direct opposition, others propose that the two disciplines are in fact compatible or too dissimilar to be in conflict. While this debate raged, certain academics attempted to find a way to solve the apparent conflict between science and religionRead MoreComparing Ancient Vs. Ancient Philosophers771 Words   |  4 PagesIn comparing ancient skeptics Titus Lucretius Carcus and Wang Ch’ung they come from two different backgrounds one of higher education another that had no former learning or training yet have great theories of mythology and philosophy of what was to be or could be in a person life. Special fears that shaped their lives and caused them to be superstitious and even skeptical in the way they lived their own lives. Skepticis m is considered â€Å"is an attitude of doubting the truth of something, such as a claimRead MoreEssay on Existential Philosphy1710 Words   |  7 Pagesshift from the social philosophy around that time which viewed life with purpose and meaning which was found usually though God, or some religious doctrine, however Nihilism is the philosophy that dictates the meaninglessness in life; it leaves an empty and void existence. Nihilism is usually associated with German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche is often although not a Nihilist himself Nietzsche wrote a considerable amount concerning Nihilism and its implications as a philosophy. Nietzsche saw NihilismRead MoreQuestions On Religion Of Science925 Words   |  4 Pagesapplication to life.† 2. Philosophy: â€Å"†¦ the opinions one holds about the world, life, and reality.† 3. Religion: â€Å"†¦ any man’s belief about his relationship to the invisible universe.† â€Å"We might speak of a pure religious science as we would speak of a pure natural science, which means the study of natural causes. We might speak of pure religious science as that branch of science which studies the natural principles; the nature of Mind and Consciousness. Then we could think of applied religious science asRead MoreThe Comparable And Contrastable Philosophies Of Kierkegaard And Kant Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesThe Comparable and Contrastable Philosophies of Kierkegaard and Kant In this paper, I will investigate the comparable and contrasting views of Soren Kierkegaard and Immanuel Kant. Their extraordinary journeys towards the meaning of morality and ethics is riveting, spiritual, universal, and in many ways, incredibly different. My conclusion is that though there are aspects which bind their theories together, ultimately both men possess different understandings of what morality is and how an individualRead MoreThe Philosophical Method Of Philosophy1208 Words   |  5 Pages What is Philosophy Philosophy according to its literal translation is the devotion to wisdom. But exactly what kind of wisdom does Philosophy entail? This question is answered by the subject matter of Philosophy (metaphysics, epistemology, value theory). The societal impact of acculturation has presented a problem to philosophical thinking. However, the philosophical method has also allowed for an abstract thinking outside that of which we typically inherit through tradition. In a way everyoneRead MoreEssay on Discussion over the Existence of God1249 Words   |  5 Pagesexperience. Without a doubt, the question of Gods existence is one of the most significant questions of human philosophy. It alters the whole meaning of human life, and it challenges if man is really the Supreme Being in the universe or if man has a greater being that he must love and obey, or possibly defy. So the question is; does God exist? Look at the proof produced by the voraciously religious spirit of man, the origins of the u niverse, and morality. There are many different theories and opinionsRead MoreHistorical Developments in Philosophy Essay1189 Words   |  5 PagesUniversity of Phoenix Material Philosophy Matrix | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

The Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne - 1760 Words

In Isaiah 30:15 it says, â€Å"This is what the Sovereign Lord, the Holy One of Israel, says: â€Å"In repentance and rest is your salvation, in quietness and trust is your strength, but you would have none of it.† Hester would have none of it. Hester never repented for committing adultery with Dimmesdale, even after Dimmesdale repented for his sins. Therefore, she never had the salvation that was offered by the Lord. The Scarlet Letter, written by Nathaniel Hawthorne, who is well known for his other works such as, The House of Seven Gables and, Young Goodman Brown. He was also a Romantic and an Anti-Transcendentalist. The Scarlet Letter is about a woman named Hester Prynne, who is living in Boston during the 1640’s. She is publicly shamed in front†¦show more content†¦Hester’s repentance is one of the main questions the reader is left with at the end of The Scarlet Letter. Hester never repented for her sins. Hester saw DImmesdale repent for his sins bu t, she didn’t repent for her own. Hester was never allowed the opportunity to repent for sins in the stuffy Puritan community. She also believed that moral difficulties in a situation weren’t resolved by repentance, and instead, they were resolved by moving somewhere else or by a new description of oneself. Hester is also only a human being and not God, so, therefore, she isn’t perfect. Hester was never allowed to repent for her sins in the stuffy Puritan community. (The Atlantic) The Puritans have roots going back to the 1530’s when King Henry of England split from the church of Rome and started the Church of England. (History.com) Then in 1620’s, after much persecution, many Puritans decided to sail to the New World. The most famous group is the Pilgrims that settled Plymouth in 1620. The Puritans began to migrate to the New World,being commonly made up of families. They set up small towns on the East coast of the New World, one of those towns was Boston. Boston, 1640, is where The Scarlet Letter begins. Hester is being publicly shamed in front of everyone on the scaffold in the town square with her baby, Pearl. Hester is to stand in front of the leaders of the town and

The Indigo Spell Chapter Twenty Free Essays

string(39) " just kind of want to be a part of it\." IAN WOKE ME THE NEXT MORNING with a super-early phone call. At first, I thought maybe he hoped to sneak in before the other Alchemists woke up, but it turned out he just wanted to get breakfast beforehand. Seeing as he’d managed to get me access, I couldn’t very well refuse. We will write a custom essay sample on The Indigo Spell Chapter Twenty or any similar topic only for you Order Now He’d originally wanted to go to the facility in the late morning, but I talked him into going closer to noon. It meant lingering longer over breakfast, but it was worth the sacrifice. However, I was strictly back to khakis and a linen top. Espionage aside, cocktail dresses and breakfast buffets just didn’t mix. As a concession, however, I unbuttoned two buttons at the top of my shirt. Openly wearing that into the facility was practically R-rated, and Ian seemed thrilled by the â€Å"scandalous† act. Sunday at the facility was much quieter than the previous night. Although Alchemists never really got a break from their duties, most of the center worked normal weekday business hours. I had no difficulties checking in through the main reception again, but as predicted, we had a small delay in getting to the secure area. The guy on duty wasn’t the friend who owed Ian a favor. We had to wait for him to come out from the back room, and even then, it took Ian a bit of cajoling to convince his colleague to let me in. I think it was obvious to both of them that Ian was just trying to impress me, and finally, the first guy relented to what seemed like a harmless errand. After all, I was a fellow Alchemist, and I was only going on a tour of a library. What could possibly go wrong? They searched my purse and made me walk through a metal detector. I had two spells in mind that I could perform without physical components, so at least I didn’t have to explain any crystals or herbs. The trickiest part was a thumb drive I’d hidden in my bra. They might not have questioned me carrying one in my purse, but I hadn’t wanted to risk it being called out. That being said, if the thumb drive did show up on the scan, I was going to have a much more difficult time explaining why I was hiding it. I tensed as I stepped under the scanner, bracing myself to either run or attempt a Wolfe move. But, as hoped, it was too small to find, and we were waved through. That was one obstacle down, though it didn’t make me any less tense. â€Å"Did you end up trading this for the money he owed you?† I asked once Ian and I were descending toward the archives. â€Å"Yeah.† He made a face. â€Å"I tried to just swap it out for half of what he owed, but it was all or nothing for him.† â€Å"So how much is this trip costing you?† â€Å"Fifty dollars. It’s worth it, though,† he added quickly. Dinner had cost about the same. This was turning into an expensive weekend for Ian, particularly since I was the only one truly reaping the rewards. I couldn’t help but feel a bit guilty and had to remind myself again and again that this was for an important cause. I would’ve offered to pay him back for it all, but something told me that would counteract everything I’d been working to achieve with my â€Å"womanly charms.† The archives were sealed with electronic locks that opened when Ian scanned his card key. As we stepped inside, I nearly forgot that coming in here was just a cover for the larger plan. Books and books and books surrounded me as well as scrolls and documents written on parchment. Old and delicate items were sealed under glass, with notes and signs against a far wall on how to access digital copies of them on computers. A couple of Alchemists, young like us, worked at tables and were transcribing old books into their laptops. One of them looked excited about her job; the other guy looked bored. He seemed to welcome the distraction of us entering. I must have worn an appropriately awed expression because when I turned to Ian, he was watching me with pride. â€Å"Pretty cool, huh?† Apparently being a glorified librarian had just become a much more exciting job for him. â€Å"Follow me.† He didn’t have to tell me twice. We began by exploring the full extent of the archives room, which stretched back much farther than I initially realized. The Alchemists prized knowledge, and it was obvious from this collection, which dated back centuries. I lingered at the shelves, wanting to read every title. They came in different languages and covered a full range of topics useful to our trade: chemistry, history, mythology, the supernatural . . . it was dizzying. â€Å"How do you organize it?† I asked. â€Å"How can you find anything?† Ian pointed to small placards on the shelves that I hadn’t noticed. They bore alphanumeric codes that were part of no filing system I recognized. â€Å"These catalog it all. And here’s the directory.† He led me to a touch screen panel embedded in the wall. I pressed it and was presented with a menu of options: AUTHOR, TIME PERIOD, SUBJECT, LANGUAGE. I touched SUBJECT and was led through a series of more and more specific topics until I finally realized I’d been searching for â€Å"Magic† in the supernatural section. It gave me a list of titles, each with its own code in the organizational system. To my surprise, there were actually a number of books on magic, and I burned with curiosity. Did the Alchemists have records of witches? Or was it all speculation? Most likely these were moral books preaching the wrongness of humans even considering such feats. â€Å"Can I browse some of the books?† I asked him. â€Å"I mean, I know I can’t sit and read all afternoon, but there’s so much history . . . I just kind of want to be a part of it. You read "The Indigo Spell Chapter Twenty" in category "Essay examples" I’d be so, so grateful.† I really didn’t think that would work twice, but it did. â€Å"Okay.† He pointed toward a small office in the back. â€Å"I need to catch up on a few things. Do you want to meet back here in an hour?† I thanked him profusely and then returned to the touch screen. I yearned to investigate the magic books but had to remind myself why I was here. As long as I was in the archives, I might as well do some research that would help our cause. I flipped through the menus until I located the section on the Alchemists’ early history. I’d hoped to find a reference to vampire hunters in general or the Warriors specifically. No luck. The best I could do was follow the codes to shelves and shelves detailing our group’s formation. Most of the books were dense and written in an antiquated style. The really old ones weren’t even in English. I skimmed a few and soon realized a task like this would take longer than an hour. The newer books had no mention of the Warriors, which didn’t surprise me, seeing as that information was now covered up. If I was going to locate any references to vampire hunters, it would be in the oldest books. They didn’t have much in the way of tables of contents or indices, and there was no way I could do a full read. Remembering my real mission here, I put the books away after about ten minutes and sought out Ian. That earlier tension returned, and I began to sweat. â€Å"Hey, is there a restroom in here?† I prayed there wasn’t. I’d seen one down the hall when we’d come to this level. Part of my plan depended on getting out of the archives. â€Å"Down the hall, by the stairs,† he said. Some work issue had required his attention, and if my luck held, it would keep his eyes off the clock. â€Å"Knock on the door when you get back. I’ll tell the scribes to let you in.† I’d had a knot of anxiety in my stomach all day that I’d been trying to ignore. Now there was no getting around it. It was time for the unthinkable. Subtlety had no role in Alchemist security. The hallway contained cameras at each end. They faced each other, providing a long, continuous shot of the corridor. The restrooms were located at one end of the hall, almost directly under a camera. I went inside the ladies’ room and verified there were no other people – or cameras – within. At least the Alchemists allowed some privacy. Casting the invisibility spell was easy. Getting out was a little more difficult. The cameras’ position made me think the restroom door was too flush with the wall for either camera to really get a good look at it. The door opened inward, so I was able to slip out and feel confident no camera had picked up a ghostly door opening. The door to the stairs was the real beast. It was in the range of one of the cameras. Ms. Terwilliger had told me the invisibility spell would protect me from video and film. So, I had no fear of being spotted. I simply had to take the risk of the camera recording the door opening by itself. Although I knew security guards watched live feeds of the cameras, there were too many for them to scrutinize every second. If no sudden movement appeared on this one, I doubted any guard would notice. And if things stayed tame on this level, no one would have any reason to review the footage. But the operations level . . . well, if everything went according to plan, this sleepy Sunday was about to get a lot more exciting there. I slipped in and out of the stairwell, opening the door with absolutely as little space as possible. The operations level was even more secure than the archives, with heavy, industrial-looking doors that required both key cards and codes. I had no illusions about cracking any of it. Entry into the security office, much like the rest of this task, relied on an odd mix of logic and luck. The one thing you could count on with Alchemists was reliability. I knew how schedules tended to work. Lunch breaks were taken on the hour at typical lunch times: eleven, twelve, and one. This was why I’d asked Ian to schedule our visit to this time, when I could be relatively certain workers would be moving in and out of the room. Noon was five minutes away, and I crossed my fingers someone would exit soon. As it turned out, someone entered. A man came whistling down the hall. When he reached the door, the smell of fast-food hamburgers gave away his lunch choice. I held my breath as he scanned his card and punched in the numbers. The lock clicked, and he pushed the door open. I scurried in behind him and cleared the door without having to catch it or open it farther. Unfortunately, he came to a halt sooner than I expected, and I brushed against him. I immediately shrank away, and he scanned around, startled. Please don’t think there’s an invisible person here. How terrible would that be to have made it this far, only to be detected now? Fortunately, magical subterfuge wasn’t the first thing Alchemists turned to as a reason for anything. After a few more puzzled moments, he shrugged and called a greeting to one of his coworkers. Wade had described the room perfectly. Monitors covered one wall, flipping back and forth between different camera views. A couple of guards kept an eye on the footage, while others worked away at computers. Wade had also told me which workstation contained the files I needed. I approached it – careful to avoid any other contact mishaps. A woman was already seated at the station. â€Å"I was thinking of Thai carryout,† she told one of her coworkers. â€Å"I’ve just got to finish this report.† No! She was about to take her lunch break. For my plan to work, that couldn’t happen. If she left, she would lock her computer. I needed it accessible for this plan to work. She was running late on her lunch, which meant I had to act now. This room wasn’t exempt from surveillance. Even the watchers had watchers. Fortunately, there was only one camera. I selected an empty computer with a screen facing the camera and stood behind it. Wires and cords snaked out of the computer’s panel, and the fans whirred steadily inside. I rested my hand on the panel and did one more quick assessment. The computer’s back was out of the camera’s view, but it would do no good if it was in the middle of someone else’s line of vision. Everyone seemed preoccupied, though. It was time to act. I created a fireball – a small one. I kept it in the palm of my hand and rested it right next to the panel. Despite its size, I summoned as much heat as I could. Not quite blue, but getting there. It took effect quickly, and within seconds, the cords and panel began to melt. The scent of burnt plastic rolled over me, and smoke drifted upward. It was enough. I let the fireball fade, and then I sprinted away from the computer just in time. Everyone had now noticed the burning computer. An alarm went off. There were cries of surprise, and someone yelled for a fire extinguisher. They all rose from their chairs to hurry over and look – including the woman who’d been at the computer I needed. There was no time to waste. I sat immediately in her chair and plugged in the thumb drive. With gloved hands, I grabbed hold of the mouse and began clicking through directories. Wade hadn’t been able to help much at this point. We’d just hoped finding the files would be intuitive. All the while, I was conscious of the time – and that someone might notice a mouse moving by itself. Even after they put out the fire, the Alchemists hovered around the smoking computer, trying to figure out what had happened. Overheating wasn’t uncommon, but a fire happening that quickly definitely was. And these were computers that contained highly sensitive information. I felt like there were a million directories. I checked a few likely candidates, only to hit a dead end. Each time I hit a dead end, I would silently swear at the wasted time. The other Alchemists weren’t going to stay away forever! Finally, after more stressful searching, I found a directory of old surveillance footage. It contained folders linked to every camera in the building – including one marked MAIN CHECKPOINT. I clicked it open and found files named by date. Wade had told me that eventually these files were cleared and moved to archives, but the day I needed was still here. The cameras recorded one frame every second. Multiplied by twenty-four hours, that made for a huge file – but not nearly the size continuous filming would create. The file would fit on my thumb drive, and I began copying it over. The connection was fast, but it was still a big transfer. The screen told me it had ten seconds to go. Ten seconds. The computer’s owner could be back by then. I allowed myself another peek at the Alchemists. They were all still puzzling out the mystery. The thing about scientists like us was that a technological failure like this was fascinating. Also, it never occurred to any of them to look for a supernatural explanation. They tossed around theories with each other and started to take the melted computer apart. My file finished copying, and I sprang out of the chair, just as the woman began walking back toward it. I’d been fully prepared to risk another â€Å"ghost door† while they were distracted, but the fire alarm had summoned others in the hallway. People moved in and out with such frequency that I had no trouble holding the door open just long enough for me to sneak through. I practically ran back to the archives level and had to calm myself when I reentered the restroom. I uncast the invisibility spell and waited for my breathing to slow. The thumb drive was back in my bra, the gloves back in my purse. Studying myself in the mirror, I decided that I looked innocent enough to return to the archives. One of the scribes let me in. It was the engrossed girl, and she gave me a look that said opening the door was a waste of her time. Ian still appeared to be engulfed with work in the back, which was a relief. I’d been gone far longer than a bathroom trip would require and had worried he’d wonder where I was at. Things could’ve gone badly if he’d sent the girl to find me, both because I wasn’t in the restroom and because she’d be really annoyed at the interruption. Over in the history section, I sat on the floor with a book picked at random, which I only pretended to read. I was too anxious and keyed up to parse the words, no matter how many times I tried to reassure myself. There was no reason for the Alchemists to suspect me of causing the fire. There was no reason for them to think I’d stolen data. There was no reason for them to think I was connected to any of this. Ian found me when the hour was up, and I feigned disappointment at having to leave. In reality, I couldn’t get out of this building fast enough. He drove me to the airport and chattered nonstop about the next time we’d get to see each other. I smiled and nodded appropriately but reminded him our work had to come first and that my post was particularly consuming. He was obviously disappointed but couldn’t deny the logic. The Alchemist greater good came first. Even better, he didn’t try one of those awful kisses again – though he did suggest we set up some times for video chatting. I told him to email me, secretly vowing I’d never open up any message from him. I didn’t relax until the plane took off, when the potential for an Alchemist raid seemed pretty low. The most paranoid part of me worried there could be a party waiting for me at the Palm Springs airport, but for now I had a few hours of peace. I’d just assumed I’d deliver the drive to Marcus and leave it at that. But now, with it in my possession, my curiosity got the better of me. I had to get to the bottom of this mystery. Was the Z. J. who’d visited the Alchemists really Master Jameson? With fresh coffee in hand, I opened the file on my laptop and began to watch. Even with one frame per second, the footage went on forever. Most of it was nothing but a quiet checkpoint, with the most exciting parts being when the guards changed position or took breaks. Plenty of Alchemists passed in and out, but relative to the overall time span, they were few and far between. Ian actually showed up once, off to start his shift. I wasn’t even halfway through when the plane began its descent. Disheartened, I resigned myself to an evening of more of the same when I got back to the dorm. At least I’d be able to make some decent coffee to get me through. I was almost tempted just to push the file off on Marcus tomorrow and let him deal with reviewing it . . . but that nagging voice urging me to find out for myself won. It wasn’t just because of my curiosity either. I didn’t really think Marcus would fabricate anything, but if I could see for sure that – There he was on the screen. He wasn’t in those over-the-top robes, but there was no mistaking Master Jameson’s old-fashioned beard. He wore business casual clothing and seemed to be smiling at something a man beside him was saying. The man had a lily on his cheek but was no one I knew. Master Jameson. With the Alchemists. Marcus and his Merry Men’s conspiracy had panned out. A suspicious part of me wanted to believe this was a setup, that maybe they’d altered and planted this. But, no. I’d taken it myself, off an Alchemist server. It was possible Marcus had more insiders running errands for him, but this hadn’t been easy for me, even with magical assistance. Besides, why would Marcus go to so much trouble to make me believe this? If it was some twisted way to get me to join him, there were a million other ways he could have attempted it, with evidence much easier to fake. Something in my gut told me this was real. I hadn’t forgotten the similarities in our rituals or how the Warriors had wanted our groups to merge. Maybe the Alchemists and the Warriors weren’t best friends yet, but someone had at least humored Master Jameson with a meeting. The question was, what had happened at that meeting? Had the Alchemist in the footage sent Jameson packing? Were the two of them together right now? Regardless of the outcome, this was undeniable proof that the Alchemists and Warriors were still in contact. Stanton had told me we merely kept an eye on them and had no interest in hearing them out. Once again, I had been lied to. How to cite The Indigo Spell Chapter Twenty, Essay examples

Problems Facing Healthcare Management

Table of Contents Introduction Financial Challenges and Healthcare Reform Patient Safety and Quality Government Mandate Conclusion References Introduction The health sector has experienced many challenges that threatened to cripple hospitals in the country. Some of the major problems identified by the American College of Healthcare Executives which include: financial challenges, healthcare reform implementation, government mandates, and patient safety and quality (American College of Healthcare Executives [ACHE], 2011).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Problems Facing Healthcare Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Challenges facing the health sector seem to increase since the signing of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act into law. So far, implementation of the act poses serious challenges which threaten to cripple operations in hospitals and other healthcare institutions. Financial Challeng es and Healthcare Reform According to ACHE, â€Å"financial challenges again ranked No 1 on the list of hospital CEOs’ top concerns in 2011†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (ACHE, 2011). Increasing the number of insured adults is a good source of revenue for healthcare providers especially after â€Å"they backed the president’s sweeping law and agreed to accept $155bn in cuts in government reimbursements over 10 years to pay for it† (Kirchgaessner, 2012). This left various health institutions with little finances to support their daily operations. As a result, hospitals are now forced to adjust their expenses and renegotiate new contracts with their suppliers. So far, a number of Republican governors have refused to carry out the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act in their states. Limited finances given to healthcare providers lock out uninsured people from accessing health services. This is â€Å"devastating for hospitals who are legally obliged to treat these patients † (Kirchgaessner, 2012). Patient Safety and Quality Since the government enacted financial cuts in healthcare reimbursement, healthcare providers cannot guarantee patient safety and quality. The situation is becoming worse due to the rising cost of medical supplies. Healthcare providers frequently review contracts with their suppliers as well as cut the number of staff to fit their budgets. Contract reviews affect the supply of medical products paralyze activities in the hospital. Reducing medical staff increases the pressure on staff to keep up the required patient safety and quality standards. All healthcare institutions aim at providing the highest quality services according to the hospital’s mission and vision. With reduced finances, these institutions are not able to meet their visionAdvertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Government Mandate The Patient Protection an d Affordable Care Act gives everybody medical insurance as part of the broader Medicare coverage. This act aims at increasing the number of insured people in the country. This blanket insurance cover has led to a debate whether the federal government should enact it on all its citizens. According to a report published by Health Care Management Review, research shows that â€Å"mandatory individual insurance coverage in Massachusetts was followed by a significant near-term drop in hospital productivity† (Wolters Kluwer Health, 2012). The government believes that â€Å"individual insurance† is justified to compensate healthcare providers for the cuts in government reimbursements. According to the research, patient safety and quality will drop drastically if the number of insured people increases. Currently, the Affordable Care Act law poses a major challenge to the government, healthcare institutions and the public due to the standoff in its implementation. A number of g overnors argue that, â€Å"those provisions of the law represented brazen intrusions into the sovereignty of the state† (Kirchgaessner, 2012). In the end, it’s the hospitals which suffer since they are not able to get the necessary finances to give quality services. Conclusion Most of the problems facing healthcare institutions are as a result of political differences. If the health institutions are able to receive the required funds, they will give quality healthcare for all. For this to succeed, government and states should streamline their policies to enable healthcare providers give quality Medicare for all. References American College of Healthcare Executives (2011). Top Issues Confronting Hospitals:2011. Web. Kirchgaessner, S. (2012). US Hospitals Face Financial Problems. Web.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Problems Facing Healthcare Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Wolters Kluwer Health: Lippincott Williams Wilkins (2012). In Massachusetts, ‘individual mandate’ led to decreased hospital productivity. Web. This essay on Problems Facing Healthcare Management was written and submitted by user Arnav Banks to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.